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KMID : 1151720200090020023
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Journal of Korean Society of Cognitive Rehabilitation
2020 Volume.9 No. 2 p.23 ~ p.40
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Effects of Cognitive-Physical Dual-Task Training on Activity in Prefrontal Cortex and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Park Jin-Hyuck
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Abstract
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Objective: This study was to examine effects of cognitive-physical dual-task training on activity in the prefrontal cortex(PFC) and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL) of older adults with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).
Methods: An alternating treatment design was used with 3 older adults with MCI in this study. 3 baseline sessions and 16 training sessions were adopted and cognitive-physical dual-task training and cognitive single-task training were alternatively implemented during the training sessions. At each training session, activity in the PFC was measured by a near-infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the Trail Making Test(TMT) part A & B and the Korean version of IADL(K-IADL) were implemented at the pre- and post-intervention period.
Results: All participants showed a higher activity in the PFC during the dual-task training compared to the single-task training. Specifically, during the dual-task training, activity in the PFC of subject 1, 2, and 3 was 0.219μM/mm, 0.441μ M/mm, and 0.778μM/mm, respectively, whereas during the single-task training, activity in the PFC of subject 1, 2, and 3 was 0.190μM/mm, 0.404μM/mm, and 0.646μM/mm, respectively. These results indicate that activity in the PFC during the dual-task training is higher than that during the single-task training. Meanwhile, the reaction time to complete the TMT part A & B was reduced and there was no change in the K-IADL after the intervention.
Conclusion: These results suggested that the dual-task training could be better option to increase activity in the PFC tailed executive function improvements, presenting neural correlates of the dual-task training. However, no transfer effect in IADL implies that ecological-validated dual-task training needs to be considered.
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KEYWORD
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Dual-task training, Executive function, Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, Mild cognitive impairment, Prefrontal cortex
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